Fish oil capsules and fatty fish do an equally good job of enriching the blood and other body tissues with healthy omega-3 fatty acids, a new study suggests.
Omega-3 fatty acid consumption is recommended by the American Heart Association and several other groups to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. The consumption of fatty fish and fish oil capsules have been assumed to have similar effects.
But there has been little research on whether the body processes fatty acids from fish oil capsules in the same way it does real fish.
To investigate, Dr William Harris and his team from the University of South Dakota in Sioux Falls had 11 women eat two servings of tuna or salmon each week. Meanwhile, an additional 12 women took the same amount of omega-3, an estimated 485 milligrams daily, in capsule form.
After 16 weeks, the amount of omega-3 fatty acids in the red blood cells of women in both groups had risen by 40 percent to 50 percent, while omega-3 in the plasma (the cell-free, liquid portion of the blood) had risen by 60 percent to 80 percent.
Harris and his colleagues reported the discovery in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
But the findings can't be interpreted to mean that capsules and fish are equally good for the heart, researchers say.
"There are things that can change the blood lipids but don't do anything for the heart and vice versa," says Harris.
"We went into the project assuming that fish would be better, based on some previous literature from other people," Harris noted in an interview.
Based on the current findings, he added: "It doesn't make any difference whether you get your omega-3 fatty acids from a concentrate in a capsule or in fish - they have the same effect on enriching the tissues with omega-3."
Nevertheless, Harris said, he would encourage people to eat fish rather than relying on fish oil capsules.
"Fish of course brings with its proteins and minerals and other factors that are good for our health that the capsules don't bring, but we weren't able to measure any of those things," he said.
(China Daily January 1, 2008)
